Streptococcus Salivarius
Streptococcus Salivarius
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET – INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES
SECTION I – INFECTIOUS AGENT
NAME: Streptococcus salivarius
SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Viridans streptococci
CHARACTERISTICS: Gram-positive cocci ~ 2 µm occuring in pairs and short chains; facultative anaerobe; non- or alpha hemolytic on blood agar
SECTION II – HEALTH HAZARD
PATHOGENICITY: Organisms colonize upper respiratory tract within first few hours after birth and are normal inhabitant of oral cavity, oropharynx and upper respiratory tract; infrequently pathogenic; Viridans streptococci species cause most dental caries and are the most frequent cause of subacute native valve bacterial endocarditis, typically associated with dental procedures; S. salivarius may cause septicemia in neutropenic patients
EPIDEMIOLOGY: World wide; Dental caries common; persons with previously damaged heart valves are susceptible
HOST RANGE: Humans
INFECTIOUS DOSE: Not known
MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Normal inhabitant of upper respiratory tract – trauma (dental work, brushing teeth, etc.) results in organisms entering into the blood stream
INCUBATION PERIOD: Not known
COMMUNICABILITY: Not transferred from person-to-person
SECTION III – DISSEMINATION
RESERVOIR: Humans
ZOONOSIS: None
VECTORS: None
SECTION IV – VIABILITY
DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Sensitive to penicillin and erythromycin
SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Susceptible to many disinfectants – 1% sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethanol, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, iodines
PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Sensitive to moist heat (121° C for at least 15 min) and dry heat (160-170° C for at least 1 hour)
SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Rim of drinking glass – at least 2 days; the organism has been isolated from the intestinal contents of houseflies
SECTION V – MEDICAL
SURVEILLANCE: Monitor for symptoms of infection; confirm bacteriologically and immunologically in acute stages
FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Antibiotic therapy with penicillin (erythromycin for those sensitive to penicillin)
IMMUNIZATION: None available
PROPHYLAXIS: Monthly administration of benzathine penicillin or daily use of oral penicillin for those at greatest risk of infection
SECTION VI – LABORATORY HAZARDS
LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: 78 recorded cases of Streptococcus spp. with 4 deaths up to 1976
SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Blood, throat cultures, sputum, respiratory secretions
PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation
SPECIAL HAZARDS: None
SECTION VII – RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS
CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices, containment equipment and facilities for all activities involving known or potentially infected clinical materials or culture
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when contact with infectious materials in unavoidable
OTHER PRECAUTIONS: None
SECTION VIII – HANDLING INFORMATION
SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with absorbent paper towel and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite, starting at perimeter and working towards the centre; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up
DISPOSAL: Decontaminate before disposal; steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, incineration
STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled
SECTION IX – MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION
Date prepared: April, 2001
Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC
Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date.
Copyright © Health Canada, 2001
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